Cartography (or mapping) is the study and practice to create a map or globe, which is a historic effort to describe the geographical face of the earth. Currently, the maps are not only used for navigation purposes or study purposes geoposisi semata.Peta have been used for various purposes is one of them is to visually represent data and may also attempt to find useful information and spatial pattern
Map has been used for various purposes is one of them is to visually represent data and may also attempt to find useful information and patterns spasialPeta traditionally have been made using pen and paper, but the emergence and spread of computers has revolutionize cartography. Banyal commercial quality maps are now made with mapping software, which is one of three main types; CAD (computer berbatuan design), GIS (Geographical Information System), and software to map a specific illustration.
Data are many, complex and connected to each other with each other often cause confusion and difficulties in the analysis process. Especially data related to space such as spatial maps. For that effort required tranformasi data into a simple representation that can be understood by many of the widely. One method that can be used is a technical cartography.
Cartography techniques, among which are:
Far Penginderaan
Far Penginderaan is a translation of the term remote sensing, is the science, technology and art in obtaining information about objects or phenomena in the (near) surface bumiground truth ', which collecting field samples as the basis for modeling through interpolation and extrapolation in the region that are far more knowledgeable and on kerincian higher. without direct contact with the object or phenomenon that is reviewed, but through the media recorder objects or phenomena that utilize the energy derived from waves and realize results elektromagnetik recording in the form of the image. The 'without direct contact' here can mean the narrow and broad. The narrow meaning is that there is no contact between the object with the analyst, for example, when data and satellite imagery processed ditransformasi a distribution map of the surface temperature at the time of recording. Widely means that the contact is possible in the form of activity '
Initially penginderaan much less be seen as part of geography, cartography compared. However, slowly we realize that penginderaan far is the only major tool in the geography that is capable of providing synoptic overview - the view briefly but comprehensively - as a region on the point of departure of the study further. Penginderaan far also able to produce various kinds of information keruangan in the context of ecological and kewilayahan which the geographical characteristics of the study. In addition, the percentage of education penginderaan far in the United States, Australia and Europe over many areas of science provided by (department, 'school' or faculty) geography.
In terms of the method used, known Sensing method manual or remote visual and digital remote Sensing method. Penginderaan remote image using the printed manual or hardcopy '(aerial photo, image scanning skaner result in aircraft and satellite) through the analysis and interpretation manual / visua]. Penginderaan far using digital image in digital format, for example, the digital camera shooting, the results of scanning images of the air sudha printed, and the results of a scan by satellite sensors, and menganalisisnya with the help of computers. Both manual methods and produce digital maps and reports. Map of the method can be converted into digital thematic maps through the process digitisasi (often termed digitasi). Manual method is also sometimes done with the help of computers, namely through the process of interpretation in the screen (on-screen digitisation), which directly reduce petapeta digital thematic directly. Map-petakartografis (called base kartografis dat), but can also menjaid input (input) in a geographic information system as the basis for geographic data. Maps for the next menjaid point toak the geografiwan digital. Methods of digital image analysis of digital tersebutd can reduce the'lay-out 'and the printed product to be in the running of the study geography.
Cartography
Cartography studying the earth surface representation with abstract symbols. Can be spelled out, without much controversy, cartography is a study of the causes of geographic expansion. Most geografer acknowledge that their interest in geography started when they were stunned by a map in their infancy. although subdisiplin other science geography still rely on maps to show the results of the analysis, making the map itself is still too abstract for the study are considered as separate.
Cartography collection of techniques developed from the drawing into a science. Kartografer a need to understand psychology and cognitive ergonomi to create what is the appropriate symbol to represent information about the earth that can understand other people effectively, and behavioral psychology to influence the reader understand the information dibuatnya. They also must learn geodesy and mathematics is not simple to understand how the earth affects the form of misuse or distortion of the projection to the field even.
Geographical Information System
Geographical Information System problem information about how the earth with a computer automatically via the information accurately. In addition to the other subdisiplin sciences geography, GIS specialists must understand computer science and database systems. GIS cartography spur the revolution so that now almost all petapiranti making software (software) SIG. made with
Methods of quantitative geography
Methods of quantitative geography discuss a typical numerical methods (or at least that many found) in geography. In addition to the analysis keruangan, you'll probably find the cluster analysis, analysis and test statistics diskriminan non-parametris in the study geography.
Cartography techniques, among which are:
Far Penginderaan
Far Penginderaan is a translation of the term remote sensing, is the science, technology and art in obtaining information about objects or phenomena in the (near) surface bumiground truth ', which collecting field samples as the basis for modeling through interpolation and extrapolation in the region that are far more knowledgeable and on kerincian higher. without direct contact with the object or phenomenon that is reviewed, but through the media recorder objects or phenomena that utilize the energy derived from waves and realize results elektromagnetik recording in the form of the image. The 'without direct contact' here can mean the narrow and broad. The narrow meaning is that there is no contact between the object with the analyst, for example, when data and satellite imagery processed ditransformasi a distribution map of the surface temperature at the time of recording. Widely means that the contact is possible in the form of activity '
Initially penginderaan much less be seen as part of geography, cartography compared. However, slowly we realize that penginderaan far is the only major tool in the geography that is capable of providing synoptic overview - the view briefly but comprehensively - as a region on the point of departure of the study further. Penginderaan far also able to produce various kinds of information keruangan in the context of ecological and kewilayahan which the geographical characteristics of the study. In addition, the percentage of education penginderaan far in the United States, Australia and Europe over many areas of science provided by (department, 'school' or faculty) geography.
In terms of the method used, known Sensing method manual or remote visual and digital remote Sensing method. Penginderaan remote image using the printed manual or hardcopy '(aerial photo, image scanning skaner result in aircraft and satellite) through the analysis and interpretation manual / visua]. Penginderaan far using digital image in digital format, for example, the digital camera shooting, the results of scanning images of the air sudha printed, and the results of a scan by satellite sensors, and menganalisisnya with the help of computers. Both manual methods and produce digital maps and reports. Map of the method can be converted into digital thematic maps through the process digitisasi (often termed digitasi). Manual method is also sometimes done with the help of computers, namely through the process of interpretation in the screen (on-screen digitisation), which directly reduce petapeta digital thematic directly. Map-petakartografis (called base kartografis dat), but can also menjaid input (input) in a geographic information system as the basis for geographic data. Maps for the next menjaid point toak the geografiwan digital. Methods of digital image analysis of digital tersebutd can reduce the'lay-out 'and the printed product to be in the running of the study geography.
Cartography
Cartography studying the earth surface representation with abstract symbols. Can be spelled out, without much controversy, cartography is a study of the causes of geographic expansion. Most geografer acknowledge that their interest in geography started when they were stunned by a map in their infancy. although subdisiplin other science geography still rely on maps to show the results of the analysis, making the map itself is still too abstract for the study are considered as separate.
Cartography collection of techniques developed from the drawing into a science. Kartografer a need to understand psychology and cognitive ergonomi to create what is the appropriate symbol to represent information about the earth that can understand other people effectively, and behavioral psychology to influence the reader understand the information dibuatnya. They also must learn geodesy and mathematics is not simple to understand how the earth affects the form of misuse or distortion of the projection to the field even.
Geographical Information System
Geographical Information System problem information about how the earth with a computer automatically via the information accurately. In addition to the other subdisiplin sciences geography, GIS specialists must understand computer science and database systems. GIS cartography spur the revolution so that now almost all petapiranti making software (software) SIG. made with
Methods of quantitative geography
Methods of quantitative geography discuss a typical numerical methods (or at least that many found) in geography. In addition to the analysis keruangan, you'll probably find the cluster analysis, analysis and test statistics diskriminan non-parametris in the study geography.
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