Monday, July 27, 2009

How Wireless Networking Works

Wireless networks: a network that connect two or more computers using radio signals, suitable for sharing files, printers, or access the Internet.

* Sharing resources and transfer files without using the cable.

* Easy to setup and on-powerful, so is suitable for use in the office or at home.

* Products from different manufacturers that are sometimes not compatible.

* The price is more expensive than using ordinary technology ethernet cable.


If you want to connect two or more computers in a location that is difficult or not possible to install the cable network, a wireless network (without cable) may be appropriate to apply. Every PC on the network equipped with a wireless radio tranceiver, or usually called adapter cards or wireless LAN, which will send and receive radio signals to and from another PC in the network. You will get a lot of adapter configuration with internal and external, for both desktop and notebook PC.

Similar to the Ethernet network cable, a wireless LAN to send data in packet form. Each adapter has a permanent ID number and a unique function as an address, and each packet contains data in addition to also include the address of the recipient and sender package. Together with an Ethernet adapter, a wireless LAN card will check the condition of the network before sending the packet to it. When the network is empty, then the packet is sent immediately. When the card detects the existence of other data that are using radio frequency, he will wait and then check back shortly.

Wireless LAN usually use one of the two topology - how to manage a network. In the ad-hoc topology - usually known as a network peer-to-peer - each PC is equipped with a wireless LAN adapter to send and receive data to and from another PC equipped with the same adapter, in a radius of 300 feet (100 meters ). For infrastructure topology, each PC to send and receive data from an access point, which is installed on the wall or ceiling is a small box berantena. When receiving the data access point, it will send back radio signals (with a range of more) to a PC that is in the coverage area, or can transfer data through the Ethernet network cable. Access point on a network infrastructure has a coverage area is greater, but need a tool with a more expensive price.

Despite using the same principles of work, speed of sending data and the frequency used by wireless LAN based on the different types of products made or, depending on the standard they use. Vendor-vendor wireless LAN usually use several standards, including IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11b, OpenAir and HomeRF. Unfortunately, the standards are not mutually compatible with each other, and you must use the type / the same product to be able to build a network.

All use a standard adapter to use small segments at a frequency of 2.4-GHz radio, that radio bandwidth to send the data to be small. But the adapter is to use two protocols to improve the efficiency and security in the delivery of signals:

* Frequency hopping spread spectrum, where the parsed data packet is sent and the frequency of use vary, a fraction bersisian with the other, so that all data sent and received by the PC dituju. Speed signal frequency is very high, and with breaking the packet data system to provide the security needed in a network, as most radio tranceiver can not always follow them.

* Direct sequence spread spectrum, a method in which a radio frequency divided into three parts the same, and spread all over the package through one of the frequency of this. Adapter sequences direct mendekripsi akan encrypt the data and exit-entry, so that people who do not have the authority would only hear the sound desisan only when they catch the radio signal.



Wireless LAN vendors are usually the maximum transfer rate on the adapter made them. Model that uses standard 802.11 can transfer data up to 2 megabit per second, with both methods of frequency hopping or direct sequence. Adapter that uses OpenAir standards can transfer data up to 1.6 Mbps using a frequency-hopping. And the latest standard, HomeRF can send and receive data at speeds of 1.6-Mbps (using the method of frequency hopping). High-speed wireless LAN using the 802.11b standard, which is known as WiFi - is able to send data up to 11-Mbps direct sequence with the protocol.

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